Animal Dander Allergy & Avoidance

...What are animal dander allergens?

...Where are animal dander allergens found?

...How can I avoid animal dander?

Proteins produced in the skin of cats, dogs, horses and other mammals can cause allergic reactions.

These proteins are found in microscopic particles (smaller than pollen and dust mite particles) which easily become and stay airborne. Exposure of the nose, eyes and bronchial tubes to these particles can provoke a reaction.

It was thought that animal allergens were in saliva, however, it is now known that they are produced in the skin. The animal’s hair is not involved therefore a non-shedding pet will still produce allergens. Like humans, some pets will shed more skin particles than others hence they will produce more allergenic dander.

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Although animal allergen levels are highest in homes where pets are present, they are also found (lower levels) in places where pets are not present, including schools, cinemas, work places and other public areas. This is because pet owners have the allergens on their clothes. Animal allergens are sticky and adhere to clothes. Wiping a smooth surface removes animal allergens easily but in mattresses, soft furnishings, carpets and clothing they can persist for a long time. If special steps are not taken to remove pet allergens from the home, they can remain active for up to six months after a pet has been removed.

The most effective solution is to remove the pet although this may not always be acceptable. No other measure will so effectively eliminate symptoms. If the pet is not removed there are measures that can reduce exposure but these may not be sufficient to prevent symptoms occuring.

 

1. keep pets out of the bedrooms at all times to prevent dander build-up.

 

2. wash all bedding or replace.

 

3. remove bedroom carpets if possible.

 

4. any remaining carpets should be vacuum cleaned with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner.

 

5. keep pets in specific areas and avoid going there.

 

6. avoid contact with animals at home and when visiting other homes.

 

7. wash the pet twice weekly, preferably away from the home, to temporarily remove allergens.

 

8. make sure pet areas and bedding are washable.

 

9. try not to let pets sleep in the house.

 

10. keep windows open when possible to allow air exchange.

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11. use a HEPA filtered air cleaner to remove airborne animal allergens. As these allergens are very small and light they remain in the air and are effectively filtered out, unlike dust mite allergens which are not. 

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